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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Proton-to-electron mass ratio ： ウィキペディア英語版 Proton-to-electron mass ratio In physics, the proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ or β, is simply the rest mass of the proton divided by that of the electron. Because this is a ratio of like-dimensioned physical quantity, it is a dimensionless quantity, a function of the dimensionless physical constants, and has numerical value independent of the system of units, namely: :μ = The number enclosed in parentheses is the measurement uncertainty on the last two digits. The value of μ is known to about 0.4 parts per billion. :$\backslash \; \backslash mu=\; =\; =\; 1836.15267\backslash dots$ $\backslash \; m\_p=$ mass of proton $\backslash \; m\_e=$ mass of electron $\backslash \; \backslash alpha=$ fine structure constant $\backslash \; r\_p=$ muonic hydrogen proton radius (from 2010 & 2013 proton radius experiments) $\backslash \; R\_H\; =$ Rydberg constant This equation defines the proton to electron mass ratio and relates six fundamental physical constants. ==Discussion== μ is an important fundamental physical constant because: *Nearly all of science deals with baryonic matter and how the fundamental interactions affect such matter. Baryonic matter consists of quarks and particles made from quarks, like protons and neutrons. Free neutrons have a half life of 613.9 seconds. Electrons and protons appear to be stable, to the best of current knowledge. (Theories of proton decay predict that the proton has a half life on the order of at least 1032 years. To date, there is no experimental evidence of proton decay.); * The proton is the most important baryon, while the electron is the most important lepton; *μ and the fine structure constant α are the two dimensionless quantities emerging in elementary physics, and two of the three dimensionless quantities discussed in Barrow (2002); * The proton mass ''m''p is composed primarily of gluons, and not of the quarks (the up quark and down quark) making up the proton. Hence ''m''p, and therefore the ratio ''μ'', are easily measurable consequences of the strong force. In fact, in the chiral limit, ''m''p is proportional to the QCD energy scale, ΛQCD. At a given energy scale, the strong coupling constant ''α''s is related to the QCD scale (and thus ''μ'') as :$\backslash alpha\_s=-\backslash frac$ :where ''β''0 = −11 + 2''n''/3, with ''n'' being the number of flavors of quarks. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Proton-to-electron mass ratio」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.